Roman Numeral Converter
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How to use Roman Numeral Converter
- Type a number from 1 to 3999 or a numeral.
- Read the converted value.
- Copy it.
Common uses
- Writing dates and chapter numbers in numerals.
- Checking homework.
- Designing clocks and monuments.
About this tool
Convert between Arabic numbers and Roman numerals. Enter a number from 1 to 3999 to get the numeral, or enter a numeral such as MCMXC to get the number. Standard subtractive notation (IV, IX, XL, XC, CD, CM) is used.
Worked example
2024 is MMXXIV (MM = 2000, XX = 20, IV = 4). Roman numerals use subtraction for 4, 9, 40, 90, 400 and 900, so 9 is IX and 1994 is MCMXCIV.
Common problems and fixes
- Numbers above 3,999 do not work.
- Standard Roman numerals have no symbol above M repeated three times, so 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX) is the usual limit.
- There is no zero.
- Roman numerals have no symbol for 0.
- IIII on clocks.
- Clock faces often show 4 as IIII, but standard writing uses IV.
Next steps
Frequently asked questions
Why only up to 3999?
Standard Roman numerals have no symbol for 5,000 or above, so 3999 (MMMCMXCIX) is the usual limit.
How is 4 written?
IV, using subtractive notation. 9 is IX, 40 is XL and 90 is XC.
Is zero supported?
No. Roman numerals had no zero.
Are my files uploaded to a server?
No. Everything runs inside your browser on your own device, so your files and text are never sent anywhere.
Is it really free?
Yes. There is no sign-up, no watermark and no limit on how often you use it.
Does it work on my phone?
Yes. It works in any modern browser on phones, tablets and computers. Very large files may be slow on older phones.